Casa Melhoramentos, a Casa da Moeda paulista na Revolução de 1932

Algumas das cédulas de 5, 10, 20, 50 e 100 mil réis, impressas durante a revolução podem ser vistas na Exposição Melhoramentos 128 anos


Créditos: Divulgação


Quem quiser aproveitar as férias de julho para fazer um passeio cultural em um ponto histórico da cidade, pode visitar, gratuitamente, a Casa da Moeda paulista, na Rua Tito, Lapa.

Além de ser um novo e respeitável espaço cultural na região oeste de São Paulo – inaugurado em outubro passado -, o prédio da Casa Melhoramentos faz parte de um importante período da história de São Paulo. Tombado pelo Conpresp – Conselho Municipal de Preservação do Patrimônio Histórico, Cultural e Ambiental da Cidade de São Paulo – o edifício foi a Casa da Moeda durante a Revolução Constitucionalista de 1932.

Créditos: Divulgação

Mal iniciado o movimento revolucionário, os paulistas precisaram emitir o seu próprio dinheiro para financiar o conflito. Como a Casa da Moeda do Brasil estava instalada no Rio de Janeiro, foi necessário estabelecer o decreto 5.585, de 14 de julho, apenas cinco dias depois da eclosão do movimento em caráter de urgência, para a produção da moeda própria de São Paulo.

Produzir materialmente esse dinheiro ficou a cargo da Companhia Melhoramentos. Chamados ao Palácio, os diretores da Cia receberam a missão: produzir em no máximo cinco dias, dinheiro em bom papel, bem impresso e com recursos que inviabilizassem falsificações. As duas toneladas de papel foram produzidas em Caieiras, onde a Melhoramentos já fabricava inúmeros tipos de papel e foram trazidas ainda úmidas, sob escolta de técnicos e soldados, para a gráfica localizada na rua Tito e, agora tombada pelo Conpresp.

Com a mesma rapidez e cuidado, foi iniciada a impressão de cédulas nos valores de: 5, 10, 20, 50 e 100 mil réis, no tamanho de 4×2 polegadas com tinta rosa sobre fundo amarelo. No dia 20 de julho, o “dinheiro paulista” já estava em circulação. O dinheiro encomendado no dia 15, entrou em circulação no dia 20 e dez dias depois já se encontravam cédulas falsificadas. Um dos recursos paliativos para evitar a falsificação, foi colocar os técnicos de Caieiras envolvidos na fabricação do papel original.

Créditos: Divulgação

Na exposição Centro de Memória da Companhia Melhoramentos é possível encontrar as notas originais expostas e um pouco da história da Cia. e da Cidade de São Paulo. pontos estratégicos da cidade. Hábeis para reconhecer a versão original, eram escoltados por policiais aos quais os portadores do dinheiro apresentavam as cédulas que desconfiassem: Verdadeiro! Falso! Bom! Falsificado! Eram ouvidos centenas de vezes ao dia. As cédulas falsas eram destruídas no ato.

Hoje, o espaço abriga os escritórios da Companhia Melhoramentos, Editora Melhoramentos e, Melhoramentos Florestal e conta com áreas de convivência com salas destinadas à coworking, auditório para até 83 pessoas e dois amplos espaços de aproximadamente 870m² cada, disponíveis no térreo e no terceiro andar do prédio, designados à realização de eventos variados. Desde sua inauguração, em outubro/2018, até o final de junho2019, o espaço abrigou também a exposição Os Planetas do Ziraldo.

Exposição histórica

A exposição Melhoramentos 128 Anos é baseada no acervo histórico da Cia. Melhoramentos e apresenta aos visitantes um rico patrimônio documental e museológico. É possível observar mudas das principais árvores que servem como base para a produção das fibras de alto rendimento. Também são explorados os principais momentos da produção de papel no Brasil, além da história do edifício, construído em 1948 e tombado pelo patrimônio histórico de São Paulo, que abriga a Casa Melhoramentos. Estão também expostos móveis antigos que resgatam o ambiente de escritório da Cia. Melhoramentos na época, cédulas que foram impressas pela Editora durante a Revolução de 32 e ainda exemplares de matrizes de litogravura – técnica de gravura que envolve a criação de marcas (ou desenhos) sobre uma matriz (pedra calcária) com um lápis gorduroso – que davam origem aos livros.

Serviço
Exposição Melhoramentos 128 anos
Segunda e sexta-feira, das 9 às 18 horas. Entrada sujeita à capacidade do evento.
Rua Tito, 479 – Vila Romana – São Paulo-SP

Andréia Bueno

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679 respostas para “Casa Melhoramentos, a Casa da Moeda paulista na Revolução de 1932”

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